In 1673, early military rockets helped Polish forces defeat a massive Ottoman army
During the 1673 Battle of Khotyn, the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth utilized pioneering rocket technology to secure a stunning victory against the Ottoman Empire, changing the course of European military history.
On November 11, 1673, Jan Sobieski led Polish-Lithuanian forces to a decisive victory over a much larger Ottoman army at the Second Battle of Khotyn. The triumph was aided by the innovative use of multi-stage rockets designed by Kazimierz Siemienowicz, whose 1650 treatise on rocketry remained a standard military textbook for over a century.
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