In 2017, Catalonia declared independence from Spain to trigger a major constitutional crisis
Tensions between Barcelona and Madrid reached a breaking point in 2017 when Catalonia's parliament voted to secede, sparking Spain's most significant political turmoil since the restoration of democracy in the 1970s.
On October 27, 2017, the Catalan parliament passed a resolution declaring the region an independent republic. This bold move followed a controversial referendum where millions voted despite the central government's attempts to block polling stations. The declaration immediately triggered Article 155 of the Spanish Constitution, allowing Madrid to dissolve the local government and take direct control of the wealthy northeastern region.
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