In 1990, Bulgaria peacefully ended decades of communist rule to become a republic
Following decades of isolation and strict authoritarian control, Bulgaria took a momentous step toward democracy in 1990 by peacefully abolishing its communist system to become a parliamentary republic.
On November 15, 1990, the People's Republic of Bulgaria officially transitioned into the Republic of Bulgaria. This historic move signaled the end of nearly 45 years of communist rule that had dominated the nation since the end of World War II. Unlike some of its neighbors, Bulgaria managed this massive systemic shift with remarkable peace, following the fall of the Berlin Wall and the resignation of long-time leader Todor Zhivkov.
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