Fractal geometry can be used to rig an election

Mathematics
Fractal geometry can be used to rig an election

Political strategists use complex math to draw jagged district lines that can effectively nullify millions of votes before a single ballot is cast.

In 1812, Massachusetts Governor Elbridge Gerry signed a bill creating a district so contorted it looked like a salamander, inadvertently naming a tactic that has since evolved into a high-tech weapon. Today, instead of hand-drawn maps, computers run millions of simulations to find the one configuration that maximizes a party's advantage. By using fractal-like boundaries that stretch hundreds of miles, mapmakers can pack opposition voters into a single district or thin them out across several, ensuring their votes never reach a majority.

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