In 2009, Armenia and Turkey signed a historic pact that was never actually used
Following a century of frozen borders and deep-seated animosity, Armenia and Turkey signed a landmark 2009 agreement to restore diplomatic ties, yet the 'Zurich Protocols' ultimately failed to achieve their historic promise.
In October 2009, the foreign ministers of Armenia and Turkey met in Switzerland to sign the Zurich Protocols, a set of documents intended to reopen their shared border and establish formal diplomatic relations. This was a monumental shift after decades of tension stemming from the events of 1915 and the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict. The signing ceremony itself was delayed by three hours because of disagreements over the final speeches, signaling the fragility of the peace.
There's more to this story — open the app to keep reading.