A 2023 military offensive triggered a mass exodus from the Nagorno-Karabakh region
A lightning-fast military offensive in 2023 fundamentally reshaped the South Caucasus, ending decades of frozen conflict and forcing over 100,000 people to flee their ancestral homes.
In September 2023, Azerbaijan launched a decisive 24-hour military operation in the Nagorno-Karabakh region. This offensive led to the rapid collapse of the self-declared Republic of Artsakh, an ethnic Armenian enclave that had existed for three decades. The sudden shift in power triggered a massive humanitarian crisis as nearly the entire ethnic Armenian population fled toward the border.
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