The 1923 Treaty of Lausanne defined the borders of modern Turkey
After the collapse of the Ottoman Empire, a high-stakes diplomatic meeting in Switzerland finally established the precise boundaries of the Republic of Turkey, reshaping the map of the Middle East forever.
On July 24, 1923, the Treaty of Lausanne was signed, marking the end of the conflict between the Ottoman Empire and the Allied powers of World War I. While an earlier treaty had nearly dismantled the region, this new agreement recognized the sovereignty of the new Republic of Turkey under Mustafa Kemal Atatürk. It defined the modern borders with Greece, Bulgaria, and Iraq, ending years of territorial uncertainty.
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