In 1991, the fall of Somalia's president ended decades of centralized government
The 1991 ousting of President Mohamed Siad Barre triggered a total collapse of centralized authority in Somalia, leading to a complex era of factional conflict that reshaped the geopolitics of the Horn of Africa.
In January 1991, the long-standing regime of Mohamed Siad Barre collapsed as rebel forces seized the capital of Mogadishu. Barre had ruled for over two decades, but his departure left a massive power vacuum that the successor, Ali Mahdi, could not easily fill. This transition marked the end of a single centralized government in Somalia.
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