Epicurus measured pleasure by the absence of pain
Epicurus redefined pleasure as the tranquil absence of pain, advocating a simple life and moderation to achieve lasting happiness, not fleeting indulgence.
Ancient Greek philosopher Epicurus redefined pleasure not as indulgence, but as the absence of pain. He believed true happiness came from a serene state of mind and body, free from physical discomfort (aponia) and mental disturbance (ataraxia).
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